Legal Certification Chart

This chart compares the certification exams offered by:

NALS...the association for legal professionals
National Association for Legal Assistants (NALA)
National Federation of Paralegal Associations, Inc. (NFPA)

  Professional Paralegal (PP) - NALS PLS...the advanced certification for legal professionals (PLS) - NALS Certified Legal Assistant (CLA) or Paralegal (CP) - NALA Paralegal Advanced Competency Exam (PACE) - Registered Paralegal (RP)
Organization Established
1929, incorporated in 1949
1929, incorporated in 1949
1975
1974
Certification Established
2004
1960
1976
1996

Membership

5,000 individual members

$100 new member7
($90/yr after)
$45 associate8
$19 student

5,000 individual members

$100 new member7
($90/yr after)
$45 associate8
$19 student

6,000 individual members

$99 new member - active2
$84 associate3
$40 student
$50 sustaining4

15,000
(includes affiliate organizations, no information is available on individual members)

$70 new member (paralegal or paralegal supervisor)
$60 associate5
$50 student
$120 sustaining6

Number Certified
436 (eff 03/09)
5,544 (eff 03/09)

14,344 CLA
(eff 09/07)

1,126 CLAS
(advanced certification)
(eff 09/07)

587 (eff 12/06)

Eligibility to Test
Education and/or Employment

Five years’ experience performing paralegal duties

Partial waivers:
(1) A two-year waiver for a candidate with a paralegal degree, or

(2) A maximum one-year waiver for post-secondary degrees, successful completion of the PLS exam, or other certifications

Three years’ experience in the legal field

Partial waiver:
A maximum one year waiver for post-secondary degrees, successful completion of the ALS exam, or other certifications

(1) Graduation from legal assistant program approved by ABA or associate degree program or postbaccalaureate certificate program in legal assistant studies, or bachelor’s degree program in legal assistant studies, or legal assistant program of 60+ hours, 15 hours in substantive legal courses

(2) Bachelor’s degree in any field plus one year’s experience as legal assistant (15 hours of substantive legal courses equivalent to one year’s experience as legal assistant)

(3) High school diploma or equivalent plus seven years’ experience as a legal assistant under supervision of attorney, plus minimum of 20 hours of CLE within two-year period prior to exam date

An associates degree in paralegal studies obtained from an institutionally accredited and/or ABA approved paralegal education program and six years substantive paralegal experience; OR
Bachelor’s degree in any course of study obtained from an institutionally accredited school and three years of substantive paralegal experience; OR Bachelor’s degree and completion of a paralegal program within an institutionally accredited school (which may be embodied in the bachelor’s degree) and a minimum of two years substantive paralegal
experience; OR
Four years substantive paralegal experience completed on or before December 31, 2000
Examination Topics

Part 1 - Written Communications:Grammar and word usage, spelling, punctuation, number usage, capitalization, composition and expression

Part 2 - Legal Knowledge and Skills: Legal research, citations, legal terminology, the court system and ADR, and the legal skills of interviewing clients and witnesses, planning and conducting investigations, and docketing

Part 3 - Ethics and Judgment: Ethical situations involving contact with clients, the public, coworkers, and subordinates; other ethical considerations for the legal profession; decisionmaking and analytical ability; and ability to recognize priorities

Part 4 - All areas of substantive law, including administrative; business organizations and
contracts; civil procedure and litigation; criminal; family; real property; torts; wills, trusts, and estates; admiralty and maritime; antitrust; bankruptcy; environmental; federal civil rights and employment discrimination; immigration; intellectual property; labor; oil and gas; pension and profit sharing; taxation; water; workers’ compensation

Part 1- Written Communications: Grammar and word usage, punctuation, number usage, capitalization, spelling, and composition and expression

Part 2 - Office Procedures and Technology: records management, computer information systems, equipment/ information services, office procedures and practices, office accounting

Part 3 - Ethics and Judgment: Ethical situations involving contact with clients, the public, coworkers; ethical considerations for legal profession; decisionmaking and analytical ability; ability to recognize priorities

Part 4 - Legal Knowledge and Skills: Legal Knowledge: citations, legal research, and the ability to prepare legal documents based on oral instructions and materials; all areas of substantive law

Federal law and procedure, major subject areas include communications, ethics, legal research, human relations and interviewing techniques, judgment and analytical ability, legal terminology.

Section on Substantive Law includes five miniexaminations covering the American Legal System and four of the following areas: administrative law, bankruptcy, business, organizations/ corporations, contracts, family law, criminal law and procedure, litigation, probate and estate planning, real estate.

Domain I - Administration of client legal matters: conflict checks; develop, organize and maintain client files; develop and maintain calendar/tickler systems; develop/maintain databases; coordinate client services

Domain II - Development of client legal matters: client interviews; analyze information; collaborate with counsel; prepare, file, and serve legal documents/exhibits; prepare clients/witnesses for legal proceedings

Domain III - Factual/legal research: obtain factual/legal information; investigate/compile facts; inspect/evaluate evidence; ascertain/analyze legal authority

Domain IV - Factual/legal writing: communicate with client/counsel; draft legal analytical documents

Domain V - Office Administration: personnel management; acquire technology; coordinate and utilize vendor services; create and maintain library of legal resources; develop/maintain billing system

(Ethics imbedded throughout)

Length
one day
one day
two days
four hours - 200 questions
Sites
nationally/most major cities
nationally/most major cities
nationally/most major cities
200+ Sylvan Learning Centers
Frequency
First Saturday in March
Last Saturday in September
(no waiting period to retest)
First Saturday in March
Last Saturday in September
(no waiting period to retest)
March
April
July
December
Within 90 days of approval of application (six month waiting period to retest)

Cost
Member

Nonmember


$200 (retake $50/section)
$250 (retake $60/section)
PLS Members Part 4: $150 (retake $50)
PLS Nonmember Part 4: $200 (retake $60)

$150 (retake $40/section)
$200 (retake $50/section)


$225 (retake $50/section)
$250 (retake $50/section)


$225 (no section retake)
$225 (no section retake)

Recertification
Frequency

CLE Required


Topics

 

 


 

 

 


Every five years

75 hours (five hours legal ethics)

Minimum of 50 hours on substantive areas, minimum of 5 hours on ethics, and maximum of 20 hours on other areas. Substantive areas should include those that reflect the substantive nature of a paralegal's work, enhance a paralegal's knowledge of the profession, update knowledge of the law, or relate to the Professional Paralegal examination; including, but not limited to, procedural and communications skills, legal research and citations, and procedural and substantive law.


Every five years

75 hours


Education on PLS exam topics or teaching, lecturing, writing, earning college credit, earning other certifications


Every five years

50 hours


Legal assistant topics or teaching

 


Every two years

12 hours (one hour legal ethics)

Substantive law; specific nature of paralegal profession, i.e., computer skills, research techniques, management skills, etc.; ethics

Costs $75 $75 $50 $25 (if a topic is not pre-approved by NFPA, individual or speaker may request approval - $25 for a speaker or non-member; $10 for individual member)
  1. 200,000 paralegals nationwide per U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, http://stats.bls.gov (3/21/04)
  2. Anyone who completed CLA exam; graduated from ABA program for legal assistants; graduated from legal assistant accredited course not ABA approved/not less than 60 semester hours of study; graduated from legal assistant course/not less than six months of in-house training as legal assistant whose attorney-employer attests individual is qualified as legal assistant (“attorney attests”); or earned baccalaureate degree in any field plus at least six months in-house training as legal assistant whose attorney attests; person with at least three years of law-related experience and at least six months in-house training as a legal assistant whose attorney attests; or person who has a minimum of two years in-house training as a legal assistant whose attorney attests.
  3. Attorneys, educators, legal assistant supervisors.
  4. Individuals, law firms, corporations and legal assistant program representatives who endorse or promote the legal assistant concept or promote the legal assistant profession.
  5. Nonvoting; former paralegal or legal professional other than paralegal
  6. Nonvoting; persons, partnerships, corporations, associations supporting purposes and activities of NFPA.
  7. Members include those who work for attorneys, e.g., paralegals/legal assistants, secretaries, office managers. court personnel. This fee does not include state or local chapter dues.
  8. Educators, judges, attorneys


Legal Certification Comparison Chart prepared by
Kathleen L. McRae, PLS, RP and Lyn M. Hurlbutt, PP, PLS, CLA, RP, CPS.